
In the first case, independent consciousness is seen not as their own, while in the latter, consciousness of the oppressed group is seen as inferior. Either these groups identify with the oppressor, in which case they lack an independent interpretation of their own oppression, or they are seen as less human than their oppressors, in which case they lack the capacity to articulate their own standpoint.

We often have two inadequate perspectives on offer for studying consciousness of an oppressed group.

Should experiences of Black women be the grounds for knowledge claims when studying and theorising about Black women? I imagine many would say yes, however, as Patricia Hill Collins points out, that hasn’t been the case.
